Management in early years Essay Example for Free

The board in early years Essay With the end goal of this work I will concentrate on the board and initiative aptitudes, that any great early years expert ought to have so as to arrange/hold the occasion of guardians evening. Working in organization with guardians Constructive working connections among instructors and guardians can upgrade grown-ups information and comprehension of youngsters and children’s learning openings, thus add to children’s learning and prosperity at home and in the setting. Youngsters who see their folks working intently along with their instructors â€Å"gain a feeling of coherence and of being minded for† and experience a â€Å"trusting and secure condition where they can learn and grow† (Whalley the Pen Green Center Team, 2001). Bronfenbrenner’s (1979) environmental model of human advancement offers a hypothetical method of reasoning for instructors and guardians working in close joint effort. Inclusion†¦.. Reason and result Early youth specialists are regularly hesitant to consider themselves to be pioneers and directors. Be that as it may, every one of the individuals who work with small kids and their families, whatever their degree of experience and skill, need to attempt both of these jobs regularly. Guardians evening is the ideal case of these two jobs â€Å"played† by a similar individual. This is probably the best open door I have as specialist in building relations with the guardians. Why? Provided that the guardians are in concurrence with my techniques for work on/instructing, I’ve brought learning home. Exploring Effective Pedagogy in the Early Years (Siraj-Blatchford, Sylva, Muttock, Gilden, Bell, 2002), found that children’s subjective accomplishment profited when guardians were associated with children’s learning exercises at home. Again the changed EYFS(2012) has embarked to increase current standards of exactly how persuasive parents’ job is in their child’s learning and advancement. Powerful pioneers will react to this by evaluating their setting’s work with families to guarantee solid commitment. The above thoughts has been the establishment of sorting out my first guardians evening at my new setting. In spite of the fact that the occasion occurred in September( next one due in June), the time concur with the new EYFS coming into spot and myself beginning my new position at University of Warwick Nursery about a similar time. Despite the fact that I am a sure individual, any semblance of beginning a new position, new EYFS coming into place, key youngsters/groups( of whom 4 out of 5had English as a subsequent language, with almost no or no information on what EYFS is or how the nurseries are working in UK), made me somewhat on edge. I needed to see a technique which permitted me as proficient, sounded learned and be proficient. Having the freedom from the setting trough to lead my folks evening, into whatever way suits me and the families in question, the key for me at that specific time was called ORGANIZED. Prior to holding meeting with guardians, any professional would consider what reason it will serve and what will be the best strategy for accomplishing your objectives. Great correspondence must have a reasonable reason. †¢give data †¢consult †¢generate thoughts †¢gather data †¢educate/help Parent and key specialist gatherings Early years settings will in general sort out parent and key laborer gatherings all the time and in a progressively organized manner. Once more, the planning of these gatherings will rely upon the guardians day by day schedules and responsibilities, and the staff group should be adaptable when orchestrating them. I have attempted to be receptive to the necessities of all people when masterminding the planning for gatherings. As a result of the issue of secrecy and in light of the fact that for the majority of the families English is a subsequent language, I chose to have gatherings with every family, instead of a gathering meeting. A little office was made accessible for the occasions booked and had an introduction running out of sight ( claims to all learning styles) for extra visual data; the principle design was it present the EYFS, zones of learning, activities(see if any difference towards festivities, untidy play,etc) and in what capacity can be reached out at home. See reference section Again, cautious idea needs was given to †¢objectives (why) †¢audience (who) †¢content (what) †¢timing (when) condition (where). From my experience, these gatherings offer an open door for the professional and guardians to assemble data, share their perceptions and to consider the ramifications of these as far as anticipating the childs learning. They are led in a climate of common regard and specialists should go about as veritable audience members, reacting to what they get notification from the parent and not permitting conversations to be driven by a pre-set plan dependent on what has been seen in the nursery. I am attempting to utilize a business method called the acclaim sandwich. Start with something positive about the youngster, solicit guardians from any frail focuses/regions for development , we examine around this and get an understanding of how together we can enable the kid to push ahead and for the most part improve. At long last I sum up our understanding, and get done with a token of their positive. In spite of the fact that we are assembling loads of composed and recorded proof for the kid's learning, is all in all correct to state that in Early Years , half of the data is intellectually recorded by the key specialist; and this additional data I saw as truly valued by guardians/families as a demonstrate of knowing/understanding that specific youngster. During singular gatherings with guardians, time is saved for taking a gander at the ramifications of perceptions from home and nursery. Arranging together for childrens learning will bring about an increasingly all encompassing methodology, an improved educational program and progression for the kids. There are chances to take a gander at the childs learning ventures and to discuss proper arrangement and backing for the childs formative stage. Where an example of conduct or individual learning premium has been recognized, the key specialist and parent are examining encounters that could be offered at home and in the nursery with the expectation that they would draw in the kid and further expand learning. We additionally share with the guardians data about the Foundation Stage educational plan and about small kids as students. clarify how the setting plans and surveys a childs learning inside the six regions of learning examine the significance of the learning procedure underscore the significance of kid started learning talk about patterns plate fitting desires and settings for learning. It is good judgment that experts ought to believe in their introduction aptitudes and their insight into kid advancement and early learning. At the point when English is a subsequent language Parents evening is likewise an incredible time for the child’s key individual to talk about the child’s level and comprehension of English, the utilization of their home language at nursery and the utilization of English at home. During this time the key individual may have a few inquiries on how the youngster is advancing at home. These can be significant as though the youngster is utilizing practically zero English at the setting it is more diligently to know their degree of improvement. I accept that great associations with guardians assists with supporting our insight into the youngster thus furnish them with the most ideal consideration and instruction. To help incorporation and cause every kid to feel esteemed, I started a little undertaking. In the study hall we have a board on which we have an information base of basic words utilized in all the dialects our kids are talking at home. We approached the guardians for any words that they feel the youngster and key individual may require while at nursery. This gives the key individual some basic comprehension and being increasingly mindful if the youngster is requesting something or attempting to clarify something. This likewise causes the key individual to construct a relationship with the youngster. It has demonstrated to be a triumph and now it has been stretched out to all the study halls. In the United Kingdom, the Pen Green Center for Under Fives and their Families is notable for its work in including families in children’s learning, just as for guardians being upheld themselves. Pen Green attempts to follow a procedure: whereby all the significant grown-ups in a child’s life give each other input on what is by all accounts midway critical to the kid, and how and what they are realizing in the home and in the nursery (Whalley and the Pen Green Center Team, 2001). Along these lines, youngsters are offered a difficult and invigorating condition in the two settings that draws on each party’s comprehension and examination. End I accept that I have utilized my administration aptitudes as well as could be expected and information and it would just be straightforward to state that, thoughts imparted to my locale of students (our understudies bunch from school) have been incorporated; guardians input is empowering . Every one of them confessed to perceive their own kid's character, schedules, likes/detests from all that I have said about each individua. Perhaps next time I should attempt to deal with my time a

Abortion is a Global Issue :: Essays Papers

Fetus removal is a Global Issue Sonia Correa composed an article for Women’s International Network News entitled â€Å"Abortion is a Global Political Issue†. In this article, fetus removal is taken a gander at as a policy centered issue that influences the world. The possibility of a mother ending her own pregnancy has been an issue since the Ancient Romans administered the known world and Christianity was set up. They didn't have faith in eradicating a world when the normal period of death for four out of 100 individuals was 50 years old. The Catholic Church in the hour of the Inquisition was allowing outrageous discipline for ladies who prematurely ended their infants and their birthing assistants, in the event that they aided the fetus removal. After the United States administered on the defendability of fetus removal in 1973, Senator Jesse Helms accomplished an understanding of an arrangement disallowing American guide assets in exercises identified with premature birth. Correa utilizes rationale and thinking in her article that premature birth is a policy driven issue that influences the whole world. She expresses that â€Å"†¦abortion is an overall general wellbeing problem.† One model is in the hour of the Roman Empire. During this timespan, the world was having an emergency with eradication and fruitfulness was taken a gander at as a gift. Killing a guiltless, unborn youngster would have been unbelievable at that timeframe. Another example is the European Catholic Inquisition found and even executed the individuals who might prematurely end a youngster. These ladies being executed, typically thought as witches, were the moms and the birthing assistants. The rationale of these occasions would not make premature birth a lifestyle. Fetus removal was depicted as off-base for oneself and wrong for the general public in which they lived. Numerous believable sources are utilized to show how premature birth is a policy centered issue that influences the world. The United States Supreme Court in 1973 chose the legality of fetus removal. Representative Jesse Helms endorsed a condition that denied exercises that were identified with premature birth were not allowed to utilize American assets. During this timeframe the Right to Life development was developing. A gathering of operators from this development chose to express what is on their mind to bomb facilities and slaughter the specialists who performed premature births.

How to Break a Bad Habit and Interrupt the Cycle

How to Break a Bad Habit and Interrupt the Cycle Stress Management Management Techniques Print How to Break a Bad Habit By Sharon Basaraba twitter Sharon Basaraba is an award-winning reporter and senior scientific communications advisor for Alberta Health Services in Alberta, Canada. Learn about our editorial policy Sharon Basaraba Updated on February 04, 2020 webphotographeer / Getty Images More in Stress Management Management Techniques Physical Techniques Relaxation Time Management Effects on Health Situational Stress Job Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress Habits are a valuable part of a healthy lifestyle  because good daily behaviors get locked in as they become automatic. However (though we may not always like to admit it) we all have bad habits, which can range from the merely inconvenient (biting your nails) to seriously longevity-threatening (smoking). So how can you break a bad habit? According to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), theres no single answer that will work for everyone, but just becoming aware of your negative behaviors is an important first step. Since habits develop with repetition, understanding the pattern that supports a bad habit can then help you short-circuit the loop. As New York Times investigative reporter Charles Duhigg outlines in his authoritative book The Power of Habit, all undesirable behaviors share these fundamental traits: An external cue or triggerA routine which ensuesAn inherent reward for the behavior How Is a Bad Habit Reinforced? Its easy to see that a habit like brushing your teeth may be triggered by bedtime (the cue), the teeth brushing itself (the routine) follows, and the reward delivered (mouth tastes clean and fresh, bedtime readiness is underway). But, as Duhigg writes, even negative behaviors offer a reward of some kind. Perhaps its anxiety relief, as it might be in the case of cigarette smoking; maybe you crave social contact and find it most easily over too many drinks at the bar after a stressful day at work. Unless you try and dissect the powerful components of this loop, you are doomed to repeat the bad habit. According to Duhiggs research, the only way to short-circuit the habitual pattern is to identify the cue, the routine, and the reward they deliver. Since the habit (the routine) might be more obvious as the behavior youre trying to eliminate, the greater challenge can be isolating the cue and the reward. Steps to Breaking a Bad Habit Try these strategies to help you interrupt the cycle of negative behavior. Find the Cue He suggests writing down at least five events that occur the moment the urge for the automatic behavior hits, to reveal the cue. Ask yourself who else is on the scene, what time of day it is, or what happened immediately prior? After a few days, the cue should become evident. Identify the Reward This can be more difficult, writes Duhigg, and may require a bit of experimentation. Try altering the routine to get a different reward (is it fresh air? a distraction? an energy boost?). Be curious and open to whatever you discover â€" he recommends writing down your impressions or emotions as the routine wraps up â€" after a few tries, the reward may be revealed. Small Changes Make a Big Difference Sometimes a simple tweak can derail an entrenched habit. For example, a team of psychologists led by David Neal of the University of Southern California studied subjects eating popcorn at a movie theater. The cinema setting was the contextual cue. Subjects ate the popcorn regardless of whether they were hungry, and even when it was stale. When asked to use their non-dominant hand (for example, a right-hander forced to eat with their left hand), however, the habitual eating stopped. Published in 2011 in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, the study concludes that disrupting the automatic consumption pattern brought the subjects eating under intentional control. In other words, the unconscious eating habit stopped, and the subjects became more aware of what they were doing. A Word From Verywell All this information should help you devise a plan to break a bad habit, and perhaps substitute a healthier or more positive behavior in place of the negative one. If its social contact you desire, plan a walk with a friend instead of drinks at the end of your work shift; if its a calm moment in a frantic day, consider a mini-meditation session to refocus.

The Role Of Social Work Essay - 2319 Words

The main goal of Social Work practice is the psychosocial improvement of the individuals within a system and the system where they operate. Social Work has three different concentrations: Micro practice, Mezzo practice and Macro practice. Micro Practice focuses on individuals and small groups such as; couples, families and groups. This practice is direct or face to face intervention. Mezzo practice focuses on medium communities, it can be face to face or indirect practice. And Macro practice focuses on larger systems such as; organizations, institutions, regions and countries. In this paper I will compare the role of Social Work intervention in Jose’s situation, young Hispanic LGBT, and the current situation of the Youth Hispanic LBGT community from the Micro and Macro practice perspective In recent years the LGBT community has caused a stir in society. Throughout history homosexuality has been a taboo topic. This community has been one of the most oppressed by society. Thanks to different social movements and advocates for the equal rights and treatment of the LGBT community several laws have been implemented. These goal of these laws is to promote LGBT community welfare. However, this has not been enough. Nowadays, members of the LGBT community still remain victims of discrimination and oppression. Some of the issues they still face are employment discrimination, social rejection, legal rights and lack of access to quality health services. Direct Social WorkShow MoreRelatedThe Social Work Role753 Words   |  3 Pagesidentify mental health symptoms. The rise in health issues in both children and adults (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2013) the resulting increasing financial cost of medical treatment (Colagiuri et al., 2010) and increased time off work as a consequence of obesity (Australian Safety and Compensation Council, 2008) may cause individuals who seek help to struggle financially. To adapt to this program would require the development an action plan for parents who are struggling financiallyRead MoreThe Specific Social Work Roles1210 Words   |  5 Pagesa. Name the specific social work roles you employ and how you utilize them. My role while working with Sam is to be a teacher and an enabler. As a teacher I will be educating Sam about the benefits of joining AA and how it will help to better his life situations and to reach his goals. (Velten, 1996). I also will help Sam enroll himself in AA, which will help him to heal on not only a physical level, but also on an emotional level. It will also connect him to other resources and others that are experiencingRead MoreRoles, Social Work And Occupational Therapy1717 Words   |  7 Pageson two different roles, social work and occupational therapy. Using the two professionals this essay will compare and contrast their roles and stating their similarities and the differences. This essay will involve the type of informal carers and service users that the two professionals work with. It will also mention other professionals that are likely to work with social work and occupational therapist. The essays will involve independent charities and organisations that wor k with the two professionsRead MoreSocial Work Roles Of Macro Practice1736 Words   |  7 Pages Social Work Roles in Macro Practice Journal 1 Student Name: Adegboyega Bada Professor: George Okurapa Course: Community Practice CourseRead MoreRole Of A First Year Social Work Student1412 Words   |  6 PagesState what you perceive is the role of a first year social work student as an adult learner in the field practicum agency. The main roles of a first-year social work student who happens to be adult learners in the field practicum agency are growth, gain, and refinement. As individuals with degrees, we have already gained some sort of skill set regardless of the field that we were in. I have a degree in Human Services, so I am familiar with some of the things that it takes in order toRead MoreCancer Pain Management And The Role Of Social Work855 Words   |  4 Pages According to Glajchen, Myra; Blum Diane; and Calder, Kimberly, in this article â€Å"Cancer pain management and the role of social work: Barriers and interventions,† will increase social workers’ awareness of the pervasiveness of cancer-related pain. (Scott Reeves, 2010) It is vital for a social worker to identify the barriers and develop a plan of intervention that include; communication, assessment, problem solving, and psychological support. The quality of life has become more and moreRead MoreRole Model Worthy For The Field Of Social Work1632 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many interesting and role model worthy people in the field of social work and social justice in general. A few of these people include: Francis Feldman, Charles Loring Brace, Grace Abbott, and many more. All of these people are worth of talking about when thinking of the idea of my personal role model, but I find one woman to stand out more than the others. She is the woman who started many social justice movements. This woman is the winner of the Nobel Peace Prize and â€Å"demonstrated theRead MoreThe Role of Social Work in Relation to Protecting Children from Sexual Abuse1825 Words   |  8 PagesThe Role of Social Work in Relation to Protecting Children from Sexual Abuse Over the decades the prevalence of child abuse has been phenomenal. Throughout Britain the abuse of children is an issue which is no longer hidden or covered up, not a week goes by where a newspaper doesnt report the beating of a young child, the neglect of another or the arrest of a paedophile. These stories have always existed, from Cleveland to Fred West. The public reacts to these stories,Read More139840 Level 2 Unit Hsc 025 The Role Of The Health And Social Care Worker Exemplar Candidate Work4599 Words   |  18 PagesCARE HEALTH AND SOC TH AND SOCIAL CARE H SOCIAL CARE HEALTH A CARE HEALTH AND SOC AND SOCIAL CARE HEA RE QUALIFICATIONS HE ALTH AND SOCIAL CARE EXEMPLAR SOCIAL CARE HEALTH A CANDIDATE WORK CARE HEALTH AND SOC TH AND SOCIAL CARE H UNIT HSC 025 the role of the health and social care worker Unit HSC 025 2 Unit HSC 025 CONTENTS Introduction Page 4 Unit Purpose Page 5 Evidence for Learning Outcome 1 AC 1.1 Commentary for Evidence for AC 1.1Read MoreSocial Workers And Social Work1652 Words   |  7 Pageslarge component of the social work profession is cultural competency. According to the National Association of Social Workers, in order to be culturally competent, social workers should understand culture and its’ role in society (National Association of Social Workers [NASW], 2008). Social workers should be able to recognize the strength of each culture, have knowledge of their clients’’ cultures, and provide culturally sensitive services to each individual with whom they work with (NASW, 2008). Is

Famous Quotes About Success - A Collection

We may think that we know what success is, because we tend to define success as if it were a goal. In reality success is more of a journey than a destination. Read these famous quotes about success to find out more. Basil KingVictory becomes, to some degree, a state of mind. Knowing ourselves superior to the anxieties, troubles, and worries which obsess us, we are superior to them. Malcolm ForbesVictory is sweetest when youve known defeat. Eric HofferWe are told that talent creates its own opportunities. But it sometimes seems that intense desire creates not only its own opportunities, but its own talents. James E. BurkeWe dont grow unless we take risks. Any successful company is riddled with failures. Milton BerleWe owe a lot to Thomas Edison - if it wasnt for him, wed be watching television by candlelight. Henry David ThoreauWe were born to succeed, not to fail. William BarclayWe will often find compensation if we think more of what life has given us and less about what life has taken away. Paul J. MeyerWhatever you vividly imagine, ardently desire, sincerely believe, and enthusiastically act upon... must inevitably come to pass! Ralph HalfWhen ability exceeds ambition, or ambition exceeds ability, the likelihood of success is limited. Gary SiniseWhen I think of work, its mostly about having control over your destiny, as opposed to being at the mercy of whats out there.

The thunder and lightening crashed over my head and made me very afraid Free Essays

They said it would never rain again. I was surrounded by people but I had never felt so lonely. As I sat gazing from my window, I began to notice lots of happy families passing by on the road, all in their parents’ cars. We will write a custom essay sample on The thunder and lightening crashed over my head and made me very afraid or any similar topic only for you Order Now As I sit alone, thinking about my past, I began to feel so miserable and depressed. I suppose you are wondering who I am and what tragedy could have brought me to this place. Well, I will explain to you the long story. The thunder and lightening crashed over my head and made me very afraid. I was not the only one. My teacher kept looking upwards with a concerned expression. That’s was when the head teacher burst into the room and ordered everyone to follow her. This was not normal. It could only mean that everybody was in serious danger. I instantly thought of my parents at home on their farm, had anyone warned them that a typhoon was coming soon? The noise outside was deafening. From our position on the roof, we could see everything. I watched in horror as a mud wall collapsed onto the road, trapping families in their cars. I saw frantic parents digging at the mud, trying to save their children who were still trapped. I wanted to go and save my parents too but I could not move. Two hours later, the road was a river. Trees and mud crashed through the village, destroying houses and families. Gradually, the storm came to an end. We were eventually allowed off the roof and I felt so glad, now I could go back and find out what had happened to my parents. I was so scared that they had been in danger, I just needed to know if they were safe. When I arrived home, I saw my house. It was completely destroyed. I ran towards it, screaming, calling for my mum and dad. Suddenly, I saw a flash of gold. It could only be one thing, my mother’s ring. It was still attached to her still, lifeless, bloodless hand. I was numb. Standing there, I felt unusually calm but that feeling didn’t last very long. Seconds passed and I began thinking about what would happen to me now. Where will I go? I have no other family, no one to take me in. I felt so isolated. That’s how I ended in a foster home. All I can do is to sit and hope that someday, someone will come to get me. Perhaps today will be that day. I awoke feeling light in my heart and really hopeful that today would be that day. I heard that the newspaper reporter was going to come and write an article about the foster home where I was living. Suddenly, there was a knock on the door. I opened it and there stood the reporter. She was a young beautiful lady with shiny, black long hair and a graceful smile. I was very surprised – I had never seen such a beautiful lady. She began to interview me because I had been at the foster home for the longest out of all the other children. She was very impressed with my unique poems; she even made a promise that she would make sure they were published very soon. She took my photograph so she could attach it to the poem. A grumpy old man was working in the hospital grounds. He reaches down to a scrap of newspaper which has blown across the garden and landed at his feet. He almost throws the article away when he suddenly decides to take a second look. He began to look more closely at the photograph and that’s when he has a flicker of an image from his past. Suddenly his memory returns. It is difficult to cope with the emotions he feels after all these months. Dropping his tools, he strides down the road getting further away from the hospital. What has he remembered? Something is driving him he appears to be looking for something. The sky is grey and over-cast. I think about my future. Will I always be alone and abandoned. What’s the point in living all alone with no family to love me? Everyday I wished that I had died with my mum and dad and this is why I made the decision to take an overdose. There was no point in living any more. No-one would even no that I had gone. I felt myself drifting into unconsciousness when unexpectedly there was a shadow in the doorway. At first I had great difficulty focusing my eyes on the figure in front of me. Slowly as my eyes began to see the details I was able to distinguish a man’s frame. Meanwhile, I realised that it was my father. As my sight begins to dim, I see him run across the room towards me. He had tears in his eyes and trickling down his cheeks. He laid his head against mine and told me he loved me so much but as I took my last breath I felt so much regret. I could have had a happy life again with my family to love me and to be loved but now that will never happen. How to cite The thunder and lightening crashed over my head and made me very afraid, Papers

Symbol in 1984 free essay sample

Orwell truly demonstrates his literacy prowess and his mastery of rhetoric in his dystopian novel 1984 through his use of symbolism. There are numerous symbols present throughout the story which serve to expand the narrative. Some of the most effective implementations of symbolism in the novel directly relate to the story’s protagonist, Winston Smith. Orwell uses Winton’s varicose ulcer, the glass paperweight, songs and the rats as representations for Winton’s needs, wants, hopes and fears. Winston Smith lives in a world where individual thoughts and sexual instincts are forbidden. The varicose ulcer appears to symbolize Winston’s need to express his individualism as well as his need to fulfill his sexual desires. Both of these actions relate to Winston’s impulses and therefore it can be said that the varicose ulcer ultimately represents Winston’s needs. This symbol is introduced to us on the very first page of the book, moments prior to Winston’s first decisive act of rebellion: the creation of a diary. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbol in 1984 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After dating the first page however, Winston is struck with a sense of helplessness as he finds himself unable to express himself. At this moment, the varicose ulcer begins to itch unbearably and Winston is overcome by the impulse to express himself and starts scribbling in the diary. This is but one example of a scenario from the book where Winston’s varicose ulcer had begun to trouble him prior to him committing an irrational or impulsive act against the Party. Other examples include: Winston’s second diary entry and his trip to the proletariat bar and Mr.Charrington’s shop. In all of these cases Winston was overcome by the need to act against the Party, whether it was directly or indirectly. The varicose ulcer also relates directly to Winston’s suppressed sexual desires and his need to fulfill them. After he started seeing Julia regularly his wound improved, yet became engorged once they were separated. During his reformation the Party all but eradicated Winston’s individuality as well as his sexual desires. Coincidentally, Winston’s varicose ulcer ceased to be a problem. The varicose ulcer only became problematic when Winston suppressed his needs, regardless of whether it was the need to express his individuality or the need to fulfill his sexual desires. The most obvious symbol in the novel is the glass paperweight, which represents Winston’s desires. The reason for this is due to the fact that Winston considers this item to be a representation of the room above Mr. Charrington’s shop and frequently alludes to this analogy. In the novel he comments that â€Å"the paperweight was the room he was in, and the coral was Julias life and his own, fixed in a sort of eternity at the heart of the crystal. This stems from Winston’s desire to live in a world without the Party with Julia. In accordance with this symbolism, when Winston and Julia are finally arrested by the Thought Police, the paperweight is shattered on the floor. The paperweight also symbolizes Winston’s desire to reconnect with the past, or the â€Å"olden time† as he calls it. In the world of 1984, the Party falsifies the past in order to control its citizens. This tactic is summarized by the Party slogan: â€Å"Who controls the past, controls the future: who controls the present controls the past. For Winston, anything that contradicted or challenged the Party’s assertions was beautiful. In the book he comments to Julia that: â€Å"Its a little chunk of history that theyve forgotten to alter. Its a message from a hundred years ago, if one knew how to read it. † Thus the shattering of the paperweight ultimately represented Winston’s failure to defeat or escape the Party. Several songs are presented to the reader throughout the novel, yet only a few of these are considered to be harmonious and therefore musical. For example, Winston found that the Party’s propaganda music resembled war cries and commented that the Hate Song â€Å"had a savage, barking rhythm which could not exactly be called music, but resembled the beating of a drum. † But when Winston hears this same propaganda music sung by the red-armed prole, he finds the music enchanting and beautiful. Another instance where Winston shows appreciation for music is in the meadow, when listening to the thrush singing in the trees. In both of these cases, the music fills Winston with a sense of hope for the future. This is because Winston associates both of these songs with vitality and resiliency, traits which he believes will ultimately lead the proles to overthrow the Party one day. When listening to the red-armed prole woman from above Mr. Charrington’s shop, Winston theorized that the proles would rebel against the Party one day, and that until then they would â€Å"like birds, [pass] on from body to body the vitality which the Party did not share and could not kill. † Thus it can be said that the songs ultimately represented Winston’s hopes for the future. One of the most important symbols presented to us in the novel are the rats. This is because not only do they play an essential role in the climax of the story, but they are also used for the purpose of foreshadowing by the writer. In the novel, Winston made reference to a reoccurring nightmare he suffered from, where â€Å"something unendurable† waited on the other side of a wall of darkness. Winston acknowledges at this time, in a roundabout fashion, that the rats are what are waited for him on the other side. This is all a foreshadowing of the events that would eventually take place in Room 101, where Winston’s worst fear – the rats – are used to break him. Therefore, the rats are clearly a symbol of Winston’s fears. George Orwell’s employment of literary devices in the novel adds to the narrative and to effectiveness of his underlying message. The world of 1984 is portrayed to us through the eyes of Winston Smith, making him an important character in the novel. The four aforementioned symbols all relate directly to Winston, describing his desires and hopes, as well as his needs and fears. Orwell’s use of symbols serves to further describe the protagonist, which in turn makes the story more appealing and thought-provoking.